{"id":41755,"date":"2025-08-11T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/?p=41755"},"modified":"2025-07-31T13:17:47","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T11:17:47","slug":"lacra-capitalismo-clientelista","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/es\/magazine\/lacra-capitalismo-clientelista\/","title":{"rendered":"La lacra del capitalismo clientelista"},"content":{"rendered":"
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El model econ\u00f2mic occidental es caracteritza, des de fa molts anys, per un sistema de capitalisme clientelar o d\u2019amiguets basat en la prom\u00edscua relaci\u00f3 entre pol\u00edtica i negocis. Un mal end\u00e8mic que afecta, en major o menor mesura, a la gran majoria de pa\u00efsos.\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Xavi Vi\u00f1olas, redactor d\u201911Onze<\/b><\/p>\n

Capitalisme clientelar o d\u2019amiguets – \u2018crony capitalism\u2019 en angl\u00e8s – \u00e9s un terme utilitzat per descriure <\/span>un sistema capitalista en el qual l’\u00e8xit dels negocis dep\u00e8n de<\/b>ls tractes de favor mutu<\/b> entre empresaris i pol\u00edtics<\/b>. Aquestes relacions sovint condueixen a pol\u00edtiques governamentals que beneficien a un petit nombre d’empreses o individus en detriment dels interessos del p\u00fablic en general, que acaben instrumentalitzats pel poder.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00fas de les connexions pol\u00edtiques per a assegurar-se un tracte preferencial o per a obtenir un avantatge injust pot adoptar la forma de contractes p\u00fablics, subvencions o normatives i lleis que afavoreixen a un grup selecte d’empreses o individus. Les <\/span>comissions, els suborns i les portes girat\u00f2ries <\/b>dels pol\u00edtics a les grans empreses s\u00f3n part del l\u00e8xic que acompanya a aquesta pr\u00e0ctica d\u2019enxufisme, nepotisme i corrupci\u00f3 que, malauradament, ja no sorpr\u00e8n a ning\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\n

En aquest context, l\u2019activitat econ\u00f2mica no segueix els principis d\u2019una economia de lliure mercat pensada per a servir al consumidor amb els millors productes, sin\u00f3 a <\/span>mantenir el favor del poder pol\u00edtic a trav\u00e9s d\u2019empresaris o lobbies que corrompen funcionaris p\u00fablics,<\/b> generant inefici\u00e8ncies, fomentant els oligopolis, frenant el creixement econ\u00f2mic i erosionant la confian\u00e7a en la classe pol\u00edtica.<\/span><\/p>\n

La crisi financera global de 2008 \u00e9s un excel\u00b7lent exemple de com <\/span>la col\u00b7lusi\u00f3 entre entitats financeres i governs pot conduir a pr\u00e0ctiques arriscades i irresponsables<\/b> per part de monopolis que controlen el mercat, provocant una devastaci\u00f3 econ\u00f2mica que acaben pagant els contribuents, rescatant a bancs de la fallida amb diners p\u00fablics<\/span><\/p>\n

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La desafecci\u00f3 pol\u00edtica<\/b><\/h3>\n

Una de les conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies m\u00e9s greus de la corrupci\u00f3 i ab\u00fas de poder governamental generalitzat \u00e9s que <\/span>els ciutadans es desentenen del proc\u00e9s pol\u00edtic<\/b>. L\u2019apatia i el cinisme d\u2019una poblaci\u00f3, que veu com els funcionaris p\u00fablics utilitzen els seus c\u00e0rrecs en benefici propi, es manifesten amb una baixa participaci\u00f3 electoral i una destrucci\u00f3 de la fibra moral de la societat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si la falta de transpar\u00e8ncia i supervisi\u00f3 afebleix la confian\u00e7a en les institucions governamentals i provoca que <\/span>els pol\u00edtics no hagin de retre comptes pels seus actes<\/b>, es fa dif\u00edcil conv\u00e8ncer als ciutadans que les millores socials i econ\u00f2miques s\u2019aconsegueixen posant a la pr\u00e0ctica de valors \u00e8tics com l’esfor\u00e7, el treball i l’honestedat.<\/span><\/p>\n

La manca de credibilitat associada amb els governs es veu agreujada per un sistema pol\u00edtic bipartidista, de iure o de facto, establert al llarg del m\u00f3n occidental, que en molts casos no afavoreix ni tan sols <\/span>dos partits o coalicions pol\u00edtiques antag\u00f2niques entre elles. Per contra, sovint es tracta de <\/span>dos actors pol\u00edtics que es reparteixen el poder d\u2019una manera c\u00edclica,<\/b> per\u00f2 amb poques difer\u00e8ncies en l\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 de pol\u00edtiques que beneficien a l\u2019establishment o poders f\u00e0ctics que actuen al marge de les institucions.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sense informaci\u00f3 no es poden retre comptes<\/b><\/h3>\n

Una premsa lliure \u00e9s <\/span>la pedra angular de les societats democr\u00e0tiques<\/b>. Serveix de control del poder governamental i fomenta la transpar\u00e8ncia i la rendici\u00f3 de comptes. Sense una premsa lliure, els ciutadans no podrien accedir a la informaci\u00f3 que necessiten per a prendre decisions amb coneixement de causa i exigir responsabilitats als seus dirigents.<\/span><\/p>\n

Malauradament, <\/span>gran part dels mitjans de comunicaci\u00f3 han passat a ser un altaveu de les elits econ\u00f2miques i pol\u00edtiques<\/b>. Lluny d\u2019informar de les accions de govern o males pr\u00e0ctiques corporatives, la narrativa period\u00edstica sovint contribueix a la seva propaganda mentre blanqueja la corrupci\u00f3, garantint la impunitat dels c\u00e0rrecs electes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Aix\u00f2 posa de manifest una <\/span>manca de voluntat en servir l\u2019inter\u00e8s p\u00fablic<\/b>, evitant que els ciutadans estiguin al corrent d\u2019accions de govern que poden comportar conflictes d\u2019interessos. Un panorama desolador que dif\u00edcilment canviar\u00e0, tret que la societat civil s\u2019organitzi per <\/span>empoderar els ciutadans a trav\u00e9s de la informaci\u00f3 i l’educaci\u00f3,<\/b> que els permeti prendre decisions que garanteixin els seus drets fonamentals.<\/span><\/p>\n

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11Onze \u00e9s la fintech comunit\u00e0ria de Catalunya. Obre un compte descarregant la super app El Canut per <\/b>Android<\/b><\/a> o <\/b>iOS<\/b><\/a>. Uneix-te a la revoluci\u00f3!<\/b><\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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