{"id":41409,"date":"2023-01-11T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-11T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/?p=41409"},"modified":"2023-01-12T09:59:26","modified_gmt":"2023-01-12T08:59:26","slug":"europe-central-banks-red","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/europe-central-banks-red\/","title":{"rendered":"Europe&#8217;s central banks in the red"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"component text\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n\n\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col  col-lg-8  offset-lg-2\">\n        <h3><b>Rising interest rates have created a gap between the income of Europe&#8217;s central banks and the interest they now have to pay to private financial institutions for their deposits. As a result, most of them will record losses in the coming years and may see their independence compromised.<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sharp interest rate hikes by the European Central Bank (ECB) will cause <\/span><b>the central banks of the eurozone countries to record losses<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the coming years. The cause of the red numbers is none other than the gap between what they earn and what they pay out.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The public debt acquired by these banks in recent years earns them hardly any interest. This was not a problem until July last year because until then they did not have to pay interest on the deposits entrusted to them by private financial institutions. The 0% rate set by the ECB allowed them to do so. In recent months, however, <\/span><b>the interest rate has <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/stats\/policy_and_exchange_rates\/key_ecb_interest_rates\/html\/index.en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>risen<\/b><\/a><b> to 2.5%, which has upset the balance sheet equilibrium<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Bad times for central banks<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Already in September, the Dutch central bank (DNB) <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dnb.nl\/media\/p4igu5fc\/letter-regarding-dnb-s-capital-position-september-2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">warned<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a letter to the Dutch prime minister that it was suffering from the <\/span><b>financial consequences of the ECB&#8217;s change in monetary policy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In it, the DNB had to cope with increases in the rates it pays on deposits entrusted to it by banks, while the income from purchased bonds was not increasing accordingly. And it extended this problem to &#8220;all central banks that implement [debt] purchase programmes, both in the euro area and outside it&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A few weeks later it was the governor of the Bank of Spain (BdE), Pablo Hern\u00e1ndez de Cos, who acknowledged that this body,<\/span><b> &#8220;like the vast majority of central banks in the Eurosystem&#8221;, would record losses in 2023<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. In an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Qm27nOBt0os\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">appearance<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in December, he added that this situation will last several years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>This will not entail a cost for the State in the short term<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as the BdE has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bde.es\/webbde\/es\/estadis\/infoest\/aa101.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">provisions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of more than 30 billion euros to cover financial risks. However, it will eliminate the contribution made by this institution to the public coffers in recent years. Its profit in 2021 was already reduced by 16% in 2021 to 1,785 million euros. Of this amount, 925 million was paid into the Treasury, as required by Royal Decree <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/diario_boe\/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2008-20392#:~:text=A%2D2008%2D20392-,Real%20Decreto%202059%2F2008%2C%20de%2012%20de%20diciembre%2C%20sobre,Ver%20texto%20consolidado\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2059\/2008<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. It has yet to publish its 2022 accounts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><b>Losses also for the ECB?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/markets\/europe\/ecb-warns-losses-it-pays-price-decade-money-printing-2022-11-29\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reuters<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pointed out a few weeks ago that <\/span><b>the European Central Bank itself is also exposed to going into the red<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as it has to pay a huge amount of interest to commercial banks, whose deposits with the ECB amount to around five trillion euros globally.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The European banking regulator is largely <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/ecb\/educational\/explainers\/tell-me\/html\/who-owns-the-ecb.es.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">owned<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the national central banks of the countries that have adopted the euro. Therefore, some analysts point out that <\/span><b>these losses could even force some of these central banks to request a bailout<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, it should be borne in mind that the ECB has significant resources at its disposal to avoid such a scenario. In addition to exhausting its provisions, it could draw on any income that national central banks earn in their monetary policy operations, such as bonds and loans, to improve their accounts. It also has the possibility of deferring losses by booking them on its balance sheet as a credit against future profits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Central banks can continue to operate despite incurring losses that exhaust their capital. However, as the ECB itself <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/ecb\/educational\/explainers\/tell-me-more\/html\/ecb_profits.en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">points out<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &#8220;the principle of financial independence implies that, ultimately, <\/span><b>national central banks should always be sufficiently capitalised<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;. This is the only way to guarantee their independence from the governments of the day.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>11Onze is the community fintech of Catalonia. Open an account by downloading the super app El Canut for <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.e11onze.app&amp;utm_source=emailing&amp;utm_campaign=CANUT+launch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Android<\/b><\/a><b> or <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/11onze\/id1566129237?utm_campaign=El+Canut\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>iOS<\/b><\/a><b> and join the revolution!<\/b><\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"component cards\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col col-xl-8 offset-xl-2\">\n        <h1>If you liked this article, we recommend you read:<\/h1>\n        <div class=\"cards__wrapper\">\n          <div class=\"card\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/central-banks-spotlight\/\" class=\"card-link\" target=\"_self\"><\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-img\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/THUMBNAIL_PERDUA_CONFIANCA_BANCS.jpg\" class=\"card-img-top\" alt=\"\">\n                <span class=\"card-category\">Economy<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"card-body\">\n              <p class=\"card-title p2\"><strong>Central banks in the spotlight<\/strong><\/p>\n              <span class=\"card-time\">3 min read<\/span>\n              <p class=\"card-text small\">The credibility of central banks is important because it<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n\n\n          <div class=\"card\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/ecb-raise-interest-rates\/\" class=\"card-link\" target=\"_self\"><\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-img\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/THUMBNAIL_APUJAR_INTERES.jpg\" class=\"card-img-top\" alt=\"\">\n                <span class=\"card-category\">Economy<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"card-body\">\n              <p class=\"card-title p2\"><strong>How much will the ECB raise interest rates?<\/strong><\/p>\n              <span class=\"card-time\">4 min read<\/span>\n              <p class=\"card-text small\">High inflation has forced the European Central Bank to raise<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n\n\n          <div class=\"card\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/spain-almost-quadruples-debt-15-years\/\" class=\"card-link\" target=\"_self\"><\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-img\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/THUMBNAIL_DEUTE_ESPANYA.jpg\" class=\"card-img-top\" alt=\"\">\n                <span class=\"card-category\">Economy<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"card-body\">\n              <p class=\"card-title p2\"><strong>Spain almost quadruples its debt<\/strong><\/p>\n              <span class=\"card-time\">4 min read<\/span>\n              <p class=\"card-text small\">Spain has gone from a public debt of 384.6 billion euros in<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n\n              <\/div>\n              <br>\n              <br>\n              <div class=\"cards__wrapper\">\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":41387,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[178,172],"class_list":["post-41409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-cultue","tag-economy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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