{"id":11157,"date":"2022-06-22T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-22T19:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/news\/coneixes-lorigen-de-la-revetlla-de-sant-joan\/"},"modified":"2022-06-20T12:44:49","modified_gmt":"2022-06-20T10:44:49","slug":"origin-festival-sant-joan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/origin-festival-sant-joan\/","title":{"rendered":"The origin of the festival of Sant Joan"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"component text\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n\n\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col  col-lg-8  offset-lg-2\">\n        <h3><b>On June 23, we celebrate the festival of Sant Joan. A feast that has always had great significance in Catalan folklore. With this article, we want to bring you a little closer to discovering some secrets of this magical night, so full of fire in our country.<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The season of sandals and espadrilles has arrived, and that marks the beginning of <\/span><b>summer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and heat time in <\/span><b>Catalonia<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. There is, however, a holiday that further determines the start of the season, the most magical night, the one that arrives two days after the summer solstice: <\/span><b><i>la Revetlla<\/i><\/b><b> or <\/b><b><i>Nit de Sant Joan<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, also known as the <\/span><b>Night of the Witches or Night of Fire,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> which is celebrated throughout the Catalan Countries. <\/span><\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"component gallery\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col col-lg-10 offset-lg-1\">\n        <div id=\"slider\" class=\"carousel slide\">\n          <div class=\"carousel-inner\">\n            <div class=\"carousel-item active video-player inline-player\" data-video-id=\"6308199559112\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"d-block w-100\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/THUMBNAIL_PILAR_OLTRA_TOPIC_14.jpg\" alt=\"\">\n              <button type=\"button\" class=\"play\"><\/button>\n              <div class=\"carousel-caption\">\n                <p>Midsummer Night: Let&#8217;s make a new fire!<\/p>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"component text\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n\n\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col  col-lg-8  offset-lg-2\">\n        <h3><b>The first, the Greeks<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To be able to delve into the history of <\/span><b>the night of June 23<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, eve of St. John, nothing better than taking a look at the <\/span><b><i>Costumari catal\u00e0<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the reference book regarding our traditions and customs, written in 1952 by the folklorist and ethnologist from Barcelona, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joan_Amades_i_Gelats\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Joan Amades<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to <\/span><b>Amades<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the tradition of celebrating this festival, in honour of the onset of summer, dates back to Roman times, when the Romans went out to collect <\/span><b>verbena<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Verbena officinalis<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), a herb with many properties and some extra secrets, which still gives its name to the festival in Spanish, although with an initial <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">v<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><b>The Romans<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> used this herbaceous plant for medicinal and magical uses, and believed that if they collected it during the night of <\/span><b>Saint John<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it would bring them happiness and wealth. But they were not the first to revel on that date. It was <\/span><b>the Greeks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, who made bonfires to celebrate the birth of the <\/span><b>god Apollo<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, considered the god of the Sun. It is known that in <\/span><b>\u00a0Barcelona<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the festival has been held in the street since the 15th century, where there was already the ancient and lost tradition of going out to look for medicinal herbs on the night of Saint John.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And this is how the celebration and the bonfires have lasted so long, the fire having been the most differentiating feature of this festival for years. And if today bonfires are lit in neighbourhoods or streets of different cities or towns, in the past it was customary to light them in front of the <\/span><b><i>masies<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or the more isolated houses. Specifically, four bonfires were lit, one for each of the four winds, to protect the home from disease, thieves, evil spirits, and witchcraft. <\/span><b>Amades<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> specifies that even the people who lived far away and alone in the woods lit a bonfire that night, no matter how small. But it seems, as we can read in the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Customari<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, that, just as today they are banned in rural areas and places surrounded by forest, they were also banned in the past in many cities for fear of causing fires. There is evidence of ancient laws enacted everywhere to try to prevent people from lighting them, as well as bans on religious grounds. This <\/span><b>feast of pagan origin<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> surpassed the fetters in clandestinity, and the fire never ceased to be present.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And so, the habit to ignite fires at the streets and plazas of all the cities and towns of the <\/span><b>Catalan Countries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was restarted and normalised.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The writer also details in his book that firewood and old furniture were burned in the bonfires, that kids from each neighbourhood collected, shouting: <\/span><b><i>&#8220;Is there anything for St. John&#8217;s fire?&#8221;<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The firewood and utensils for burning that the children collected were transported in an old mat that acted as a cart, and then they hid it in a stable or laundry room, so that it would not be looted by a gang from another street, and kept it there until the long-awaited party night. It was also very typical of the night of Sant Joan that, while the children threw the old trinkets and the firewood in the bonfire, they sang: &#8220;<\/span><b><i>Throw it in the fire of St. John, throw it, throw it.&#8221;<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the end, given the usual temperatures of this time of the year, and if you think that everything is fire for St. John, it is good to remember that <\/span><b>the <\/b><b><i>revetlla<\/i><\/b><b> is also associated with water<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with the midnight baths and with many festive ways of soaking, throwing buckets full of water down the streets, or even from the balconies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are some of the traditions that our land holds. And this year, more than ever, after the confinement and restrictions of 2020, we celebrate the feast of St. John. Let&#8217;s pay attention to the words that Joan Maragall left us: <\/span><b>&#8220;<\/b><b><i>You can indeed make them high \/ the bonfires this year<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>11Onze is the community fintech of Catalonia. Open an account by downloading the super app El Canut for <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.e11onze.app&amp;utm_source=emailing&amp;utm_campaign=CANUT+launch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Android<\/b><\/a><b> or <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/11onze\/id1566129237?utm_campaign=El+Canut\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>iOS<\/b><\/a><b> and join the revolution!<\/b><\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"component cards\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n      <div class=\"col col-xl-8 offset-xl-2\">\n        <h1>If you liked this article, we recommend you read:<\/h1>\n        <div class=\"cards__wrapper\">\n          <div class=\"card\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/history-banking-catalonia\/\" class=\"card-link\" target=\"_self\"><\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-img\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/THUMBNAIL_POST_52.png\" class=\"card-img-top\" alt=\"\">\n                <span class=\"card-category\">Economy<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"card-body\">\n              <p class=\"card-title p2\"><strong>History of banking in Catalonia<\/strong><\/p>\n              <span class=\"card-time\">4 min read<\/span>\n              <p class=\"card-text small\">The first modern banking society in Catalonia was<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n\n\n          <div class=\"card\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/history-crises-ancient-world-falls-1-2\/\" class=\"card-link\" target=\"_self\"><\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-img\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/THUMBNAIL_HISTORIA_BANK_RUN-800x553.jpg\" class=\"card-img-top\" alt=\"\">\n                <span class=\"card-category\">Culture<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"card-body\">\n              <p class=\"card-title p2\"><strong>The ancient world falls<\/strong><\/p>\n              <span class=\"card-time\">15 min read<\/span>\n              <p class=\"card-text small\">In this first part, we review with 11Onze agent and historian Oriol Garcia Farr\u00e9 the history of<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n\n\n          <div class=\"card\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/en\/magazine\/history-crises-cracking-fears-2-2\/\" class=\"card-link\" target=\"_self\"><\/a>\n            <div class=\"card-img\">\n              <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.11onze.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/THUMBNAIL_BANK_RUN_2-752x600.jpg\" class=\"card-img-top\" alt=\"\">\n                <span class=\"card-category\">Culture<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"card-body\">\n              <p class=\"card-title p2\"><strong>Cracking fears<\/strong><\/p>\n              <span class=\"card-time\">18 min read<\/span>\n              <p class=\"card-text small\">As the 21st century has left the belligerent 20th century behind, the economic system has<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n\n              <\/div>\n              <br>\n              <br>\n              <div class=\"cards__wrapper\">\n\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":11199,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[178],"class_list":["post-11157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-cultue"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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